Regional and Mesoscale Meteorology Branch

00:00:00:12 – 00:00:26:07
Speaker 1
So welcome to today’s, visit Satellite Chat. And what we’re going to highlight is the recent Go’s 14 SRS oh hour period, which is a one minute imagery that was, going for quite a duration from late May through early June. And fortunately there were a lot of interesting cases. So that’s our objective today is just to look at some of these, interesting cases that the one minute imagery captured.

00:00:26:16 – 00:00:51:27
Speaker 1
What’s on the screen here is the one minute imagery for June 4th. And this particular event affected Wyoming and, Colorado. And I’ll catch your attention first here. Up in these storms in Wyoming here. And I should make a note. I know this is streaming online here in terms of the one minute imagery. So it may be it’s probably skipping some images here.

00:00:51:27 – 00:01:16:29
Speaker 1
So it wouldn’t look as good as the true one minute imagery. But a little bit later will be, pointing you to the blocks that have the full one minute imagery. So with that in mind, look at these storms here in, southeast Wyoming. This particular storm near Cheyenne was, very interesting. It has, nice sharp edge to the, anvil on the backside of it here.

00:01:17:02 – 00:01:50:08
Speaker 1
It has, overshooting top signatures here. And, one of the more interesting things to notice with that storm is on the southern flank. You occasionally see a lower cloud deck that appears and goes away. And, Bill line, was, presenting last week at the goes, or a satellite, user readiness meeting in Kansas City and, saying that this may be tied into cycles of, storms going through, more intense phases here.

00:01:50:11 – 00:02:16:16
Speaker 1
And, myself and Scott Lindstrom happened to be on that storm. And Nasca, Lindstrom. Scott. Longmore or we’re viewing this storm and, Scott put together a pretty nice, timelapse of this particular storm. So this is looking, pretty much towards the northwest, and I’ll go a little bit later. We’ll be looking towards the west. And the storm was moving, initially south and then more southwest and eventually, towards the west.

00:02:16:16 – 00:02:44:19
Speaker 1
And if you watch carefully here in this portion of the video, you’ll see, that cloud deck that, we observed in the one minute imagery that kind of comes and goes in cycles here. So very pretty storm. Here’s the, inflow, band here or the the beaver tail going into the storm. And you can see, cycles of lowering in terms of, lowering low cut, lower cloud base here in the inflow region.

00:02:44:21 – 00:03:06:15
Speaker 1
And, yeah, here’s one of those, cloud decks that we saw kind of developing on the, southwest flank. And then in the background you can see the anvil coming out every, every now and then. So very, very interesting storm that took place there, just, west and southwest of Cheyenne. So let’s go back to our one minute imagery.

00:03:06:18 – 00:03:26:07
Speaker 1
And, before I leave that storm here, since we have, Rob and Cheyenne, on the line here, Rob, what were what were some of the things you were, looking at or most concerned with when you were, analyzing radar? And also, I assume you’re making use of the one minute imagery as well.

00:03:26:10 – 00:03:57:10
Speaker 2
You know, to be honest with you, I wasn’t working that day, but I was, from home, and I kind of noticed that, you know, that that storm in particular really was a big, heavy Rain producer initially over at some of our basins. And from what I understood from the forecasters that told me that, it was, filled up such that some of our basins just west of town, that if we got another storm over that basin, we would have flood that flooded the Cheyenne.

00:03:57:22 – 00:04:05:00
Speaker 1
Very interesting. Yeah. It’s, it moving very slow. So, yeah, I could definitely see that being a flash flood threat there.

00:04:05:03 – 00:04:22:06
Speaker 2
Yeah, we ended up getting a I know we had some large hail out of the event, but you know, that that was the most interesting part of it. Now that that I look back at the one minute imagery, you know, I’m not sure if forecasters were at that particular time, you know, that’s something I have to get on.

00:04:22:08 – 00:04:42:14
Speaker 2
Yeah. Arsenal folks on duty of what they were using. But, you know, just looking at that little clouds, how they’re kind of feeding in there, you know. What is that? You know, kind of telling you, I guess, in one standpoint, is it more just other than just the strong inflow?

00:04:42:17 – 00:04:59:21
Speaker 1
Right? Right. It would be interesting to kind of compare that with the radar. And I believe that’s what, Bill was mentioning. Scott Lindstrom, do you do you recall Bill Lyons, presentation? He was talking about this in particular. Do you remember, what he was saying about that?

00:04:59:23 – 00:05:19:09
Speaker 2
It was actually Chad Gravel who was talking about the storm, but he said, yes, you could. Typically when you saw that beaver tail form, then there was a like a perturbation in the radar return. So you could use the identification of the beaver tail to anticipate some kind of change in the radar. So that’s something that people will learn to do.

00:05:19:09 – 00:05:38:26
Speaker 2
I’m imagining when they have routine one minute data and it goes era. And one thing we did learn at this meeting, because then they were both there. When there’s one minute data coming from goes 16, whether it’s east or west, it will get into your A system in about a minute. So the time latency on it will be really great.

00:05:39:03 – 00:05:52:04
Speaker 2
So that’s a little bit different from the Rs. So now I’m just a standard on a web just now a standard goes in just now a day with something to look, something more to look forward to.

00:05:52:06 – 00:06:13:06
Speaker 1
Okay. Let me also, direct your attention here to Colorado as well. There were storms along the Palmer divide here, that initiated the first one went up over here, and then a little bit later, additional storms went up, likely along the outflows of the various storms here. And then another one went up, a little bit further to the east of where that one up.

00:06:13:08 – 00:06:35:11
Speaker 1
So, that’ll come into play here a little bit later. Also note this line of cumulus that’s, slowly working its way westward towards the Front range, north of Denver, including, Fort Collins. You can see, the cumulus here is struggling to get going. So really, at this particular time, most of the activity was confined to the higher terrain here.

00:06:35:13 – 00:06:57:18
Speaker 1
And then, more of a capped air mass in other places here. So with that, let’s go on to the next, just the next, time period to look at and very interesting. Me and Scott were still observing this storm here. We were following westward into the mountains just east of, And it was it was interesting.

00:06:57:18 – 00:07:17:06
Speaker 1
I had, some rotation that, cloud base there, which got us interested for a little while, and then it moved off to the east, and then it died, very rapidly. Perhaps it just went back into its, into the region where the outflow from that storm itself, that’s what we’re thinking, since it kind of moved back in the direction where it was.

00:07:17:06 – 00:07:42:28
Speaker 1
So anyway, you can see additional storms, to the north, which we went and observed. But more interesting, is this cluster of storms down here in the Palmer Divide area. You can see early in the loop it’s you had a few different cells. And then by the time we get to the end of the loop, it kind of evolved into one primary storm and more, a more pronounced, enhanced V overshooting top.

00:07:43:06 – 00:08:11:12
Speaker 1
So a more intense looking storm. And, we had this, I’ll call it a line of Cumulus, I guess, kind of oriented, like self-feeding, moving towards the storm here, which may have played a role here as well in terms of, intensifying the storm. And then, interestingly enough, over here, northwest of that cluster in the Denver area, you can see storms, that have developed, likely along an outflow boundary, moving towards the north.

00:08:11:19 – 00:08:53:08
Speaker 1
And then the other thing to notice here is that westward moving line of cumulus that had, attracted our attention before has now made it all the way to the Front Range, and we start to see signs of towering cumulus as it interacts with the higher terrain here we go to the next period of time. And, this is when we started to get the more significant, severe weather reports started to get, tornado reports from this storm, down here, as you might suspect, here and now has a very, intense look here in terms of one, primary, updraft here, strong overshooting top and, backside of the anvil edge

00:08:53:08 – 00:09:19:01
Speaker 1
here is very, pronounced looking. You can also see some signs here of invigorated cumulus along the RFD here on the backside of the storm, which is another, indicator of a very intense storm. You see that line of cumulus kind of moving towards the storms of which may have played a role here as well. And then finally, you see, the storm is taking a right turn more to the southeast than it was, previously.

00:09:19:04 – 00:09:46:24
Speaker 1
Meanwhile, up in, the Denver area and to the north, we see a couple interesting things happening. One is that line of cumulus that we saw interact with the higher terrain, resulted in explosive development of, storms here just west southwest of, Fort Collins. And then, the other area that we were watching a little bit further to the south, from the remnant convection that was moving up from the southeast produced a storm.

00:09:46:26 – 00:10:12:23
Speaker 1
And then it looked like it died fairly soon afterwards. However, it produced an outflow boundary which interacted with the southern end of the other convection that was going up. And the result of that here it by the end of the loop, you can see a very well pronounced, overshooting top enhanced V signature here. And there was a tornado report here, along with, two inch diameter hail in the, bursted area.

00:10:12:23 – 00:10:38:22
Speaker 1
So a number of things that you could anticipate with the one minute imagery as these things are evolving here and, really make interesting use out of here with that one minute imagery. So let me stop here and go ahead and ask, if there’s any questions or, or just additional discussion.

00:10:38:24 – 00:10:54:21
Speaker 1
Okay. Like I said, this is available on, blogs that, Scott is going to cover. So at this particular time, I’ll turn it over to Scott Lindstrom at Wisconsin to continue to look at some, other one minute imagery here.

00:10:54:24 – 00:11:13:06
Speaker 2
And I’m going to show some other stuff as well. So this is the blog entry on this particular storm I was looking at. I didn’t even notice something going on in Wyoming. I was focusing on this particular storm. So I’m not going to try to animate this. It’s quite a large file. There’s some MPC force in here as well, and I believe I put it on YouTube.

00:11:13:06 – 00:11:31:12
Speaker 2
And I also made a storm centered imagery because I kind of like doing that just to see how the environment is evolving around the storm as it develops. So we just had the storm in the center and the environments flying around itself. So this is one of the one minute imagery like that mentioned. There’s a whole bunch of other things going on.

00:11:31:12 – 00:12:00:22
Speaker 2
This is about a week earlier. And I wanted to talk about this storm because I made some screengrabs of the prob severe product, which I’m going to animate here. So this is a fairly slow animation, and it’s showing the props of your project, which is a finished product. It includes the, environment parameters of the most unstable cape and the important Byron Mantle shear that’s coming from the rapid refresh, the meshes included as well.

00:12:00:25 – 00:12:27:22
Speaker 2
And they’re also satellite. There’s also satellite information, and it says that the normalized vertical growth rate, and the glaciation rate. And they quantify that as strong and weak. So it’s stepping through here and you’ll see it’s 40% and it’s 70%. It jumps to 8,087%. Just before the warnings are issued. And the I believe this one dropped the tornado at about 1910.

00:12:27:22 – 00:12:49:15
Speaker 2
The, you know, that’s when if during the one minute imagery. But there happens to be a 15 minute break between 19 and 1915. So, just like you typically get interesting weather with goes east between 2045 and 2115 when nothing when you can’t see it. The same thing can happen with, the super rapid scan from Goes 14.

00:12:49:15 – 00:13:15:08
Speaker 2
I don’t think that’s going to be an issue with Goes. Though I don’t think we have these 15 minute breaks coming up routinely with Goes-r. So props. If your product is something you can look at in eight whips to there’s training out on line on it. It’s been demonstrated a couple of times of the year. And again, it’s one of those fuze products that, takes a whole bunch of data and condense it and condenses it into something that’s pretty interesting right now.

00:13:15:08 – 00:13:40:01
Speaker 2
I think it does the best job of, identifying severe hail. Maybe not necessarily, severe wind gusts, but they’re working on enlarging, increasing the scale and detecting severe wind or tornadoes. So, you know, as you see there, one of the things that’s using is mish mash. The maximum expected size of the hail from the Ms. product.

00:13:40:16 – 00:14:04:18
Speaker 2
So it’s you might expect that there appear to be a little more skillful at detecting severe hail versus, severe or other severe events. I wanted to talk about a couple of other things. Okay, so there’s the web. Yeah. If you if you go to the blog from June 5th, there is an entry on, that severe thunderstorm that Dan was talking about.

00:14:05:22 – 00:14:28:07
Speaker 2
But there’s also this one which I put together yesterday. And it’s talking about detection of orphan anvils. So, I will play this animation. It’s going to be tough. It’s going to be tough to see. So this is one minute data over this actually from 2014 over over in Nebraska. And it’s identifying an orphan anvil that appears just before the cap actually breaks.

00:14:28:15 – 00:14:55:16
Speaker 2
So orphan anvils, are pretty easy to identify in one minute data. Because there’s a call here. I mean, you really do see the evolution of the atmosphere, sort of alerted to something that maybe the cap is just starting to break. And if you scroll down a little bit in this particular blog post, I have a, I have a, picture where we have one minute data on the top, five minute data on the bottom, and then routine scanning goes on the.

00:14:55:19 – 00:15:15:11
Speaker 2
I did say that right, one minute data on the top, five minute in the middle, and then the routine scanning on the bottom. And when you compare the two, it’s, it’s really easy to identify just about all of the orphan anvils at the top. It’s a little more challenging on the with the five minute imagery. I mean, it’s almost impossible with the routine scanning.

00:15:15:11 – 00:15:39:15
Speaker 2
So in the future when we have, either one minute data or 32nd data, when you have a mesoscale, mesoscale sector with go 16, or you have routine five minute scanning, maybe a little bit easier to identify these orphan anvils. Now, in this particular case, the cap never broke. But you can still, you know, focus in on regions where it’s most likely it’s a flat cap.

00:15:39:15 – 00:16:05:06
Speaker 2
It’s going to break because the orphan anvils are going up. In that case, from 2014 that I showed the cap. The cap did break after the orphan end. But one up, couple of other things. This is if you go to the, met at, the Met Ed page and you look around you, you will be able to find the, the, presentations that were given at the user readiness conference yesterday.

00:16:05:06 – 00:16:27:27
Speaker 2
And there’s some really interesting ones. I’m just going to mention one by Chris Gautreaux, who at Pleasant Hill by way of, Binghamton. And he gave a great talk on using the the three channels of the ghost sounder that are in Awacs right now to identify elevated MCs levels, and especially on the East Coast, those are very handy.

00:16:27:27 – 00:16:51:12
Speaker 2
Those are very well correlated with severe weather outbreaks. So, the example shown on the page here. So Pan 12 is a 6.2 microns band 11 is a 6.9 or 7.0 band Kenneth at 7.4. So band 12 is a little higher in the atmosphere. Band ten is a little bit lower in the atmosphere, so you’re seeing the top of MCs layer at the top of the moist layer.

00:16:52:03 – 00:17:11:22
Speaker 2
But band can see a little bit traffic down in the atmosphere and you see a very nice gradient. You see a very nice gradient. So a dry, dry front in mid-levels that’s helping to support this convection that’s firing, in upstate New York. So this is, as I said, this is something that’s available in a website.

00:17:11:24 – 00:17:31:25
Speaker 2
One of the things you need to understand with it is ghost weighting functions. These are not in a right now. Although there was a lot of discussion at user readiness to get these into a web. So it’s a little easier to understand exactly what you’re what you’re looking at when you’re looking at a, water vapor imagery.

00:17:31:25 – 00:17:58:27
Speaker 2
So I just have on the screen right now, this is this is from Oklahoma City, and we’re looking at these three Thunder bands. So these are very equivalent to the three water vapor channels that will be present on goes 16 and 17, 18 and 19. And you notice that the norm of the 6.2 microns, which is equivalent to the imager, has a peak response of around 400 millibars.

00:17:59:00 – 00:18:28:18
Speaker 2
But the 7.4, which is the red one, has a response that’s closed down closer to 700 millibars. So you really get a better idea of where is the dry air at low levels. And that can be important in trying to understand exactly, how the any convection that might develop is going to happen. And again, you can get a signal at, at, mid-levels, that’s more important for the convection compared to the one that’s at upper levels.

00:18:28:21 – 00:19:02:23
Speaker 2
Let’s see if that’s, I think that’s about all I, have to talk about. You can see you can find these products online as well. Okay. There was one more thing. Let me see if I can find it on here. And there was a web, there was a blog post and having trouble finding. But these are a couple of more products that are helpful, derived from the satellite that will also be derived from Goes 16 when it’s up there with all the multiple channels.

00:19:03:16 – 00:19:27:14
Speaker 2
And what you’re looking on this screen right now, that’s not the one I want. This is the one I want. This is a precipitable water, which you can also see in a web. So this is the most recent image. And it’s showing the, you know, the channel of moisture that, that these convective systems that are sliding southeastward, in the next couple of days are riding along.

00:19:27:17 – 00:19:51:24
Speaker 2
So there’s a Precipitable can never say that. Precipitable water field again, available on a website. There’s a Kip field. So this is, from 14 V, so not a lot of CP yet. For these systems that are dropping, southeastward, in the northwesterly flow, not a lot of CP yet that’s going to be building during the course of the day.

00:19:51:27 – 00:20:14:19
Speaker 2
This one is not as available in a website, but we also have a lifted index that is available. So again, this sounder products can give you a nice idea of what’s going on right now in the atmosphere and help you help you with your situational awareness. And my question for the folks is, are these kind of things, these sounder products routinely used, in your warning operations.

00:20:14:19 – 00:20:31:12
Speaker 2
So if anyone actually uses them, I think I’d be interested. I’d be happy to hear that. If not, I guess I’ll be happy to hear that, too. So that’s my question for y’all.

00:20:31:15 – 00:20:32:14
Unknown
I’ll. I’ll chime.

00:20:32:14 – 00:20:56:26
Speaker 2
In here. What? You know, I don’t see us using these at this particular time just because I don’t see it being ingested into a website. Once it does get ingested in a website, I think the potential will be there for us. Listed index. I mean, sometimes it’s difficult because it’s in my A web city website too. There is a Thunder derived products under the satellite tab.

00:20:57:22 – 00:21:19:21
Speaker 2
This is the resolution a little bit different though. It looks like your resolution’s quite a bit different to what we might have. Part of it that’s kind of, misleading because I’ve blown this is blown way out. And I mean, the resolution of the sounder is about 50km. So you do get some blocking this if you’re looking at, like, a WFO, WAFL level.

00:21:19:21 – 00:21:43:15
Speaker 2
But if you’re looking at Conus, you should be seeing I don’t know if you should be seeing, I don’t know if the pixelation of is going to be as noticeable. Okay. I’ll look at it again. But you know, from what we used these type of products in the past, they, they seem to be really blocky. And you know that it’s not as well high resolution.

00:21:43:15 – 00:22:06:09
Speaker 2
It didn’t seem to me as the highest resolution. Yeah. About 5 to 10 years ago they had instead of using the individual pixels, they were using a three by three pixel to derive the product. And eventually they went down to just using the individual pixels and that, if you haven’t looked at it for quite some time, that might you might be, remembering the old, presentation of the product.

00:22:06:11 – 00:22:35:03
Speaker 2
Yeah, that’s probably what it is. I’ll look at it again. Okay. Might be time more used to it. And you should be able to find both precipitable. Oh, that. Precipitable. Water and lifted index. Yeah. We used the, some of those precipitable water products. Those are. Those are pretty useful. Yeah. And I when, when, was it Brett was talking about the Cheyenne stuff and how much water it dropped.

00:22:35:03 – 00:22:48:18
Speaker 2
I was kind of curious if you looked at the Precipitable water beforehand. Kind of to anticipate that kind of, precipitation, although the slow movement certainly, certainly would have helped. Correct.

00:22:48:20 – 00:22:55:10
Speaker 1
Right. So, Scott, this product will improve in terms of, when it goes out, comes along.

00:22:55:13 – 00:23:21:26
Speaker 2
Well, the resolution will certainly improve. I think the spectral resolution of the go sounder is very similar to the spectral resolution of goes. Are there are some swaps that swap out for different channels. But I’m not sure how important. Like some of the 14 plus micron champ. There are a couple of 14 micron channels in the in the go sounder that goes are does not have.

00:23:21:26 – 00:23:38:10
Speaker 2
And I’m not sure how important those are. Those are really upper level upper tropospheric channels. So since Goes-r doesn’t have them I don’t think that’ll make a big difference.

00:23:38:12 – 00:23:45:24
Speaker 2
Any other questions from anyone or comments?

00:23:45:27 – 00:24:05:13
Speaker 2
I’ll just repeat one of the things that I thought was most exciting for Goes-r coming on is the time latency of that. When when it’s in rapid Scan month and you’ll be getting these one minute data, within a minute. That’s going to be very exciting and very helpful.

00:24:05:15 – 00:24:10:05
Speaker 1
Scott, do you have that, June 10th blog entry up? But over Illinois, I thought that was,

00:24:10:07 – 00:24:39:24
Speaker 2
Oh, yeah. That’s the one that had, yeah. Thank you. That was the one that had the products with it. That’s right here. So this is the case closer to me where we had, and this is, this is comparing, the Goes 14 with Goes 13. Again. I’m not going to I won’t click this to play it, but, it does show the, you know, the lifted index from the the goes 13 sounder lifted index.

00:24:40:06 – 00:25:06:06
Speaker 2
This is at eight. So it’s hourly. Again it’s not great temporal resolution, but you can certainly see the destabilization that’s occurring before the convective initiation. So this is taken from my from my a web. This is what the go sounder DPA listed index looks like to me when I use it. And there’s also a Cape product, which I don’t know if I made a total precipitable water product which is shown here.

00:25:06:06 – 00:25:30:20
Speaker 2
So just showing, the typical, abundant amount of moisture, in the, in the Midwest for getting up, you know, around we have values up over 50, 50mm. So no way over two inches. So something that you can see antecedents for a lot of heavy rain.

00:25:30:22 – 00:25:49:15
Speaker 2
And if you want to go to this I do I really do like this animation. I mean I’m going to click it anyway. Maybe someone has good internet here and they can enjoy this. So it’s one of the nice things about the one minute imagery here is it really resolved very nicely that the, the little front coming down from the north, interacting with the sea breeze front.

00:25:49:15 – 00:26:08:04
Speaker 2
So it’s the convection was firing very nicely near O’Hare. In the one minute imagery picked up. Caught that very nicely. You know, compared to the, compared to the so that they were and it goes east.

00:26:08:06 – 00:26:16:22
Speaker 2
And just looking at the, I could stare at this all day.

00:26:16:24 – 00:26:27:03
Speaker 1
Okay. Any more questions, comments, discussion before we end the call.

00:26:27:05 – 00:26:30:07
Speaker 1
Okay. Well thanks everybody and have a great day. Thanks for participating.

00:26:30:14 – 00:26:30:17
Speaker 2
All.